Graph coloring, clique minors, and Colin de Verdière invariants

Formal proof listed 3 papers September 23, 2026
What the paper claims, in its own words

Disproves Hadwiger's conjecture even for fractional coloring: arbitrarily large finite simple graphs with independence number at most two satisfy χf(G)>h(G)\chi_f(G)\gt h(G), where h(G)h(G) is the largest clique-minor order. Also disproves the fractional Colin de Verdière chromatic bound χf(G)≤μ(G)+1\chi_f(G)\le\mu(G)+1. In the positive direction, every finite nonempty graph satisfies χlist(G)≤Ch(G)\chi_{\mathrm{list}}(G)\le C h(G) for a universal constant C.

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The original papers (3)