Failure of integer-degree harmonic dimension comparison

Formal proof listed 2 papers September 25, 2026
What the paper claims, in its own words

Disproves Yau's proposed Euclidean dimension bound for harmonic functions of integer growth on manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature. For every sufficiently large integer k, a complete smooth metric on ℝ3 has at least (k+2)2(k+2)^2 independent harmonic functions of growth at most k, exceeding the Euclidean count (k+1)2(k+1)^2. The metric may depend on k.

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The original papers (2)